Essay on William Shakespeare The Tempest - 561 Words

William Shakespeare: The Tempest How is fate used by Shakespeare, in the Tempest, to change and control the range of characters, using Prospero’s power and his magic? In Literature, Destiny or Fate is a source of irony in literature; where the characters may act without realising the destiny that the audience or reader is aware of. This is very much true to that of the plot in the Tempest. Shakespeare has used Prospero’s craft of magic, his great source of power, to influence and change the fates of other characters in the play; for personal gain or for the good of others. His personal gain is seen by his plan to use his power and magic for his vengeance against his brother Antonio, whom usurped†¦show more content†¦We are then introduced to Ariel, a magical spirit in service to Prospero, who has obeyed Prospero’s commands to separate Alonso’s ship from the rest of the fleet, causing them to believe that the king and his party had drowned. He has frightened the courtiers so that they have abandoned ship. He has seen to it essentially that each one of them is safe and that they are merely split up, confused and wear iless. In particular this of Alonso’s son, Ferdinand, is alone as instructed by Prospero to Ariel. This passage comes from the second scene of the first act and is significant in introducing the audience to the island and its dwellers. Prospero’s power is stressed and perhaps the audience is encouraged to think of Prospero as a godlike figure, whose power one admires but whose actions are not always understood. Power is certainly thematic in the play, whether it is the power of the elements or Prospero’s control of them. It is possible that Shakespeare is questioning the use or value of political power. Love, in its many forms, is thematic in The Tempest. This scene reveals the falling in love and the development of love between Miranda and Ferdinand, shown in their kindness to each other and their willingness to suffer for each other; as well as the love of a father for a daughter; and the interrelationshipShow MoreRelatedThe Tempest By William Shakespeare1603 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare’s play, The Tempest, power is manifested in several forms: the investigation of the power of love, the power of magic and illusion, or the power of nature. However, in The Tempest, power is most clearly defined as dominance. Throughout the play, there is a universal pursuit of dominance over other people, dominance over property, or dominance over cultural ideals. These pursuits of dominance are used in an attempt to further ones authority, and, ultimately, one’s life. In The Tempest, a motif ofRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare1705 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature Mr. Nath 5 December 2014 The Tempest Written between 1610 and 1611, The Tempest by William Shakespeare is the final play penned by the famous Bard. The play portrays the illusory struggle of power and conscience through the character of Prospero and his egocentric motives. Politically, the play can be seen as an analysis of important political issues relevant to that of oppression and imperialistic tendencies of the time. Artistically, The Tempest emphasizes the nature of art, more prominentlyRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare1351 Words   |  6 Pagescritique rank’s Shakespeare’s ‘The Tempest’ as one of the most preeminent and descriptive plays addressing the role of colonial power and conquest in literature. One of Shakespeare’s last plays, ‘The Tempest’ explores the direct parallel between the working proletariats and wealthy bourgeois. Therefore the focuses of this paper are the implications of hegemony and class alienation, the commoditization of human subc lasses, and the commonalities with â€Å"The Tempest† and Shakespeare’s life. The analysisRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesThe greatest playwright of English literature was William Shakespeare. His final play that he wrote alone was The Tempest, the story of how the former Duke of Milan, Prospero, returned to power after being exiled on an island for twelve years. While reading The Tempest, it is hard not to notice the ambivalence of the character of Prospero. Consequently, the character’s motivation and subsequent characteristics are solely defined by the reader. Typically, Prospero is seen as driven by either revengeRead MoreThe Tempest by William Shakespeare1042 Words   |  4 Pages William Shakespeare uses the events of the plot to present a theme of how a lust for power can drive actions. The specific settings of scenes help clarify the desires for power in the characters and how they plan to achieve them. The Tempest provides insight, through Prospero, into the question of how our decisions reveal our character. The Tempest is filled with examples of strong manipulation and how much is too much. The title of this play used both literally and metaphorically explains the overallRead MoreThe Tempest by William Shakespeare1858 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s The Tempest refines his portrayal of nature from the earlier play A Midsummer Night’s Dream. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream, nature is shown to be mysterious presence that blurs the lines between reality and illusion; it is a magical force that is unreachable and incomprehensible for human beings. A Midsummer Night’s Dream gives nature a mischievous, playful, dreamlike feel because in this play nature interferes for the sake of love. The Tempest breaks down the barrier that dividesRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare899 Words   |  4 PagesThe tempest by William Shakespeare is a story about a man named Prospero and his daughter Miranda. Within the story Prospero does almost everything for his daughter. Prospero takes one the mother’s role and finds Miranda a fiance. Telling her the truth about how they came about to end up on the island. Prospero protecting Miranda at all costs making sure nothing hurts her. The Attitude prospero has towards Miranda when compared to the attitude towards others. Thought some of the things he s doneRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare950 Words   |  4 PagesThe Tempest is a play that seems to be about a group of shipwrecked nobles, when in actuality it is a critique of the destructive effects of one group forcing its ideas on another. William Shakespeare wrote The Tempest in the early 1600’s, a time when England was beginning to assert itself as a superpower by colonizing other countries. In The Tempest Prospero is a callous character who mistreats Caliban, and as a result, Caliban becomes resentful and bitter, but unable to rule himself; ultimatelyRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare1446 Words   |  6 PagesThe Tempest is a play written by William Shakespeare around 1610 toward the end of his career as a poet and playwright. The Tempest fits in the genre of tragicomedy. The genre blends aspects of tragedy and romance together which are depicted in a humorous way. The Tempest is set on an island where its location is unspecified. The play finds Prospero and Miranda, ousted former Duke of Milan and his daughter, living in exile on an island with Caliban, its lone native inhabitant. Change affects theRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare2017 Words   |  9 PagesThe Tempest is one of Shakespeare’s most well-known plays, and as such, has been examined in many different ways by many different people. In the world of literature, there are a few different distinct styles of review that are used to examine works of literature, these are called schools of critique or critical lenses. All of these schools serve a purpose in examining different themes in a work depending on the work, and the tempest is no exception. The Tempest has many sub themes in the story

Managing to Achieve Results Free Essays

string(130) " build up as well as motivate the workers in the plants, Ford VN uses the slogan â€Å" Ford moving with you, quality is job # 1†\." Table of Contents Introduction2 Details3 1. Structure and culture of Ford Vietnam3 1. 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Managing to Achieve Results or any similar topic only for you Order Now Structure of Ford Vietnam3 1. 2. Culture of Ford Vietnam5 1. 3. Inter-relationships between the different processes and functions of the organization9 2. Mission, aims and objectives o Ford and the effect of these on the structure and culture of the organization10 3. Process maps, output evaluation, and quality gateway analysis12 4. Resources, tools and systems required to support the business process17 5. Quality audit system/ practice to manage and monitor quality to standards specified22 6. Quality culture embedding to ensure continuous monitoring and development of the process25 6. 1. Quality in employees25 6. 2. Quality in process26 7. Recommendation to improve quality and the function of Ford Vietnam27 7. 1. Problem27 7. 2. Reasons27 7. 3. Recommendations and evaluation29 Conclusion33 References34 Introduction At the present car industry in Vietnam is huge. Its expansion grows strongly due to market demand and social development. Ford Vietnam is one of car enterprise which has entered in this market for over 15 years and gained quite a lot of success. For 15 years in Vietnam, despite of being competed by many rivals, Ford Vietnam still stands firm in the car market. Last year, with the new models, the sale volume of Ford reached approximately 8,000 cars. However, its market share in recent years has decreased by few amounts. Our group 19 had a chance to visit Ford factory and observed it with the purpose of understanding its culture, structure and process in order to make suggestions for how to improve quality and the function of Ford organization. Details 1. Structure and culture of Ford Vietnam Organizational structure and culture play a very important role in terms of creating the organizational success. Based on the company’s business and objectives, there are various organizational structures and cultures which can be applied to organizations. 1. 1. Structure of Ford Vietnam Theoretically, organizational structures can be defined as tall structure and flat structure; centralization and decentralization; functional structure, product structure, market structure, geographic structure and matrix structure; multifunctional teams and multidivisional structures. According to the span of control, there are two kinds of organizational structure: tall organization and flat organization. A flat organization is one which, in relation to its size, has a small number of hierarchical levels. This implies a wide span of control. A tall organization is one which, in relation to its size, has a large number of level management hierarchy. This implies a narrow span of control. According to the degree to which authority is delegated, there are two kinds of organizational structure: centralization and decentralization. Centralization is the concentration of authority for making most decisions at the top levels of organization. In contrast, decentralization is the dispersion of authority to make decisions throughout all levels of the organization. Besides, the structure of an organization can be classified by geography, by function, and by product and brand. Additionally, there are some kinds of organization structure that are more complex: the matrix, multifunctional teams and multidivisional structures. The matrix is a structure in which people are grouped by function and by product team. A multifunctional team is a group of individuals brought together from more than one functional area of a business to work on a problem or process that requires the knowledge, training and capabilities across the areas to successfully complete the work. A multidivisional structure is an organizational structure in which each district product line, market or business unit is placed in its own self-contained unit or division and each division has within it several functional sub-divisions for production, marketing and so on. Ford Vietnam has established and developed its organization based on nine fields with nine managers including Technical Affair, Finance, Human Resource, Marketing, Sales, After Market Sales and Service, Public Affair, Deputy Manager, Quality manager. Under the authority of Technical Affair manager, there are two departments: Manufacturing and Supply Operation. The manager of manufacturing department is responsible for four divisions including Body shop, Paint shop, TCF (final assembly) and support function. There are three divisions in the supply operation department: Logistics, purchasing, and launching. In fact, the name of each field, each department and division is clearly based on their tasks. Therefore, the structure of Ford Vietnam has organized by functional structure. Furthermore, Ford Vietnam is considered as a large company in Vietnam with more than 500 employees. Mr. Michael Pease, the General Director of Ford Vietnam tried to emphasize in the authority and responsibility of individual managers, who enact the role expected of their position. In this company, everybody can make decisions based on their level of authority. Hence, Ford Vietnam follows the decentralized structure and the tall structure as well. . 2. Culture of Ford Vietnam Organizational culture is defined as â€Å"the informal set of value, norms, and beliefs that control the way people and groups in an organization interact with each other and with people outside the organization†. There are four types of culture: power culture, role culture, task culture, and person culture. Power culture is the cult ure in which the organization is controlled by key, central figures – often the owners of founders of the organization. Role culture is used in classical, rational organization or bureaucracy. In task culture, management is seen as completing a succession of projects or solving problems, often as part of a team. Person culture is a culture where the organization tends to serve the interest of the individual within it. Ford Vietnam was established in 1995. Since then, there were 15 years for Ford Vietnam to build up its culture which can be represented by its slogan, image, clothing, office decor, rules, policies, motivation, leadership style, belief and attitude, and so on. It is so surprising that you can see a lot of slogans in manufactory of Ford Vietnam. For example, to emphasize the value that Ford Vietnam wants to build up as well as motivate the workers in the plants, Ford VN uses the slogan â€Å" Ford moving with you, quality is job # 1†. You read "Managing to Achieve Results" in category "Essay examples" Additionally, Ford VN realized that saving is an important with the development of its business. As a result, there are a number of slogans about saving in the plant, office, canteen, even in toilets such as â€Å"the higher saving energy, the higher salaries†, â€Å"one hour oven burning equals to 100 oxen†, â€Å"one hour air compressing equals to 100 pumpkins†. Ford VN understands that the majority of its workers were grown up in farms. Therefore, using the familiar things with the workers such as ox, pumpkin is to make the workers more understand the slogan and then m work more effectively. Addition to the slogans, the company publics the price list of the tools the workers using to make them understand the value of each tools they are using, the take care of those tools, saving and using effectively. [pic] Figure 1: Ford Vietnam Symbol is an element showing the Ford VN culture. It acts as shorthand way to keep people aligned as well as the way to indicate status within a culture. This includes clothing, office decor, and so on. In term of clothing, Ford VN designed uniforms for its employees based on the characteristics of the work the employees carrying out. For example, the staffs working in the office wear the blue shirt while the workers in the Paint shop wear a green-stripe suite which is quite convenient, and suitable with the condition in Paint shop. Meanwhile, the uniforms of workers in Body shop and Final assembly are different from the office staffs and Paint shop workers but quite similar to each other. These uniform are not only for identifying the employees in different fields of work, but also for showing the spirit that Ford VN wants to build up for its employees. From that, they are proud to be the employees of Ford VN and then have behaviors that are appropriate for their status and position. In term of office decor, the manufactory looks quite friendly with the environment. There are a lot of green grass between blocks with beautiful flowers and trees which are taken carefully. Besides, to support the rules and policies about the safety in the manufactory, there are drawings to distinguish the paths for walking and paths for goods carriers. It looks like an in-zooming traffic system in the manufactory. In addition to policies about the production, safety and saving in the notice-board, there are a lot of signboard in the plant. For example, there are signboard about the areas for smoking and no smoking, areas for using cell phone. Moreover, there are a lot of pictures, certificates, cups divided into two groups. One group is about the Ford Company in history, introducing the presidents of Ford, the T-model, and achievements. The other group is about the achievements of Ford VN. In the office, there is no separate room for each department. The departments are all in a huge hall and separated by the sectors. That is quite helpful for the employees among departments to communicate with each other easily. In term of motivation, the company has done a lot of activities to motivate the employees. Firstly, when becoming the employees of Ford VN, they have opportunities to take part in training courses sponsored by Ford. Furthermore, if the workers want to exchange the field in job in the plant, they can register and will be provided a six month training to improve their skill so that suitable with the position they want to change. Moreover, they can be exchanged to other manufactory of Ford in the world wide. It is the good way for the employees to develop themselves and be globalized. Suggestion plan is an activity motivating the employees have new ideas to improve the quality of production which is updated every first day of a week. If the new ideas are evaluated as the good ideas, the ones who have those ideas will be given a bonus. If those ideas can be applied in production, those will be rewarded. Besides, there is a closing ceremony to acknowledge the best idea every year. Additionally, the best employee will be recognized and rewarded. The bonus will be given based on that situation of the company. Besides, the company also organizes a consulting sales competitive festival in the whole Vietnam. In addition to activities related to the production and operation, the company also organizes competitions on chess, billiards, table-tennis, tug of war, and so on. It helps the employees entertain after tired working ours. Moreover, there is a family day in which all the member in the family of employees can come to visit the manufactory and join the party with others. Besides, there are a lot of propagandas from Ford Vietnam so that the employees enhance their sense to take care of themselves. From example, the company propagandized about the way to prevent from chicken blue H1N1 when that disease appeared. Additio nally, HIV-AIDS is a century disease that the whole society is taking care, so is Ford VN. There are a lot of pictures and slogan in the manufactory propagandizing about it. Besides, there is a automatic machine selling condom in the Man toilet with very low price (VND 1000). The company is doing the job showing the right way for their employees to prevent and protect themselves from that disease. In term of leadership, Michael Pease, the General Director of Ford VN is apprised to follow the democratic leadership style. He is commented that he is an open-hearted, friendly, funny, condescending, reliable, and stable man, especially in the business. Within more than two years from the first day he came to Ford VN, he succeeded in building trust, faith with the employees. In Ford VN, every employee can take part in the decision making process and made decision based on the level of their authority. With the important issue, normally the one makes the final decisions is still the general director. In term of social responsibility, Ford VN always considers that activities contribute for the society is one part of responsibility of the company. Ford VN has carried out many programs in driving safety, environment protection, and prevention in Vietnamese traditions, and other charity activities. For example, Road safety education for both children and adults, driving skills for life which guide the driver how to drive safety. Besides, in 5 years ago, Ford VN sponsored a lot of cars for American war veterans with about USD$ 150,000. Additionally, Ford Grant sponsors for the environment protection and prevention in cultural traditions with about USD$ 40,000. In conclusion, by the way Mr. Pease decentralize the power of the authority in the company, his individual managers can understand clearly their works and responsibilities, so that they can take their own decision in their field of business. Besides, individuals in the company tend to learn an expertise without experiencing risk. Additionally, employees are rewarded for their expertise and their contribution to the company rather than simply for their position in the hierarchy or their length of service. Furthermore, he also wants to build trust, respect and commitment, and work best when wanting to receive input. Theoretically, it is called role structure. Moreover, the employees in Ford VN work with team based. There is no dominant or clear leader. The performance is judged by the results. The most important thing is how to get the job done. Theoretically, Ford VN also follows the task culture. In conclusion, the culture of Ford VN is combined between role culture and task culture. 1. 3. Inter-relationships between the different processes and functions of the organization Among the departments of Ford VN, there are two kinds of close relationships that will be mention and evaluate below. The first kind the writers want to mention is the relationship where the output of this department becomes the input of other departments. This kind of relationship make the departments inside Ford VN become the internal customers of each others, and ensure that the process inside the company will be fluent and qualified. In reality, the output of each department in Ford VN is created based on the orders of other departments. For example, the output of Marketing department is the fact that customers come to the company, and this fact becomes the input of the sales department. The output of the sales department: cars sold to customers becomes the input of the Aftermarket sales service department. In this kind of relationship, the departments of Ford VN become customers of each other and they have to try their best to satisfy their internal customers and to keep their products qualified with ISO 9001. In the structure of Ford VN, there is a department which supervises the output of the others: the quality manager department. This department represents for the customers. As a result, their comments and ideas are very important to the other departments. The second relationship is the supporting relationship among the departments. All the departments have a main aim: the development and profit of Ford VN. Therefore, they team up to create the power of Ford VN. Every part of the process has the contribution of the whole company. For example, in a marketing campaign, from the preparation to the implementation, there are contributions of the public affair department, marketing department, sales department, and after sales and service department. First the marketing department will research the market to find out the demand, the needs and wants of the customers, and then they design a proposal which call for the contributions of the other departments. The ideas come to make the proposal more applicable. After that, the proposal will be tested by the quality manager department, whose voice represents for the voice of the customers. After that, the proposal will be brought to trial after the agreement with the finance department, then moving to implementation process, and this process depends on the efforts of the sales department and the service and after sales department. To ensure that a proposal running right as it was designed, the whole company has to participate and support each other. 2. Mission, aims and objectives o Ford and the effect of these on the structure and culture of the organization ? Mission To talk theoretically, a mission describes the organization’s basic function in society, in terms of the products and services it produces for its clients (BPP 2004). A mission can also be an answer for the question: â€Å"why does the company exist? † Bases on this definition and to link up with Ford Company, our group considered that the firm’s mission is â€Å"To build up a safety, creative and comfortable working environment for everybody. † ? Aims Aims or goals give a sense o direction for the activities of an organization and are sufficient for the satisfaction of the organization’s mission (BPP 2004). There are some important functions to make a statement as an aim. Firstly, aims provide a standard of performance. Second, Aim can be considered as a guideline which provides the basis for planning and management control of the firm’s activities. Next, aims influence the structure of the organization and determine the nature of the technology employed. Last, aims are the basis objectives and policies of the organization. In terms of understanding exactly what the aims are, Ford has some main and important ones. Ford Vietnam wants to focus on satisfying the needs of the customers and improving the quality of its cars. Furthermore, the company will expand the scale of the firm in Vietnam by developing more retailers and customer services around our country. Not only this, Ford Vietnam wants to improve the organization’s market share because Ford had lost too much share to other competitors. ? Objectives Objectives are very necessary for a company. We can understand objectives as the goals of the firm but more particular. An objective often includes five elements, Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Result-orientated, Time-bounded. In case of Ford Vietnam, it has some objectives for the year 2010. First, Ford will take a new model of its car, named Fiesta to Vietnamese market in the second quarter of 2010. This model got a big success in Europe market and was voted as one of 10 cars of the year 2010. Therefore, Ford Vietnam believes that it can get the same result in Vietnam market as well. Moreover, Ford wants to open new retailer, customer service centre, raise the number of dealer to 23 at the end of two first quarter of the year. Through it, the firm will raise people’s awareness and maintain the stand in customer’s mind. Lately, one of many important purposes in this year is to raise the share in Vietnam market from only 11% to 25% at the end of this year. ? Effect of mission, aims, objectives to the structure and culture of Ford Vietnam Aims and objectives are the first factor in terms of creating the firm’s structure and help facilitate systems of communication between different parts of the organization. To achieve aims and objectives, Ford creates the One Ford structure; include One team, One plan and One goal. It helps Ford’s agents all over the world to be identical to Ford Company. As this result, it will be easier to control the structure and make a general plan for the organization. [pic] Figure 2: One Ford model The most important mission of Ford is to create an equal and comfortable working environment for all employees of the company, so it influences so much to the organization’s culture. 3. Process maps, output evaluation, and quality gateway analysis Body shop Paint shop and accessories There are quality gateways in the process maps that the writers want to mention. The first quality gateway is placed right after the completion of the frame of the car, with doors and engines. In this gateway, the workers take a completed frame randomly and take it to a room where they use machines and modern technology to check whether the frame achieved the size and quality that they want or not. If the frame has no issue, it will be certified to be the completed frame and be moved to the paint shop. If it has issues, the worker will check the whole lines to see whether those issues happens in all the other products or not, and they will fix it. The second gateway is placed after the frames are painted. Here, the worker will check whether the surface of the painted frames achieved the quality. If not, the frame will be re-clean and repaint. If the frames are qualified, they are considered completely painted. They will be moved to the area where bumpers, accessories and tires are installed. The last quality gateway that a car must pass to be certified is a combo of tests such as water proof test, speed test, acceleration test, etc†¦ If the car fails any of these tests, it will be moved to the fixing area and be re-testing till it passes all of these tests. After that, the car is considered completed, qualified with ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and QS 9000, and ready to be sold in the market. The cars of Ford are the products of a strict process. The quality of the Ford cars have been proved and accepted all over the world. However, in Vietnam, Ford is not so favored as Toyota, Kia, and Hyundai. The main reasons are the design of Ford cars and the fact that Ford cars consume more fuel than other brands. The design of Ford cars, according to some professional ideas, looks muscular than other brands. Another problem is the fuel consumption of Ford car. Because Ford cars have the higher engine capacity, they consume more fuel than almost the cars of other brands in the same segmentation. However, in the recent years, Ford has tried a lot to improve these problems and we now can see more Ford cars on the road. 4. Resources, tools and systems required to support the business process Ford’s success totally depends on such supporting elements as resources, tools and systems. Acknowledgement of those supports will determine the human recruitments, managements, therefore helps to evaluate the sources of cost and sales of Ford. ? Resources required supporting Ford’s process In a business process, identification of its resources is very important because from identifying resources, we can acknowledge what we have and therefore are able to build up an appropriate strategy, in order to support the business process. The resources can be divided into these groups: ? Financial Resources A financial plan consists of sets of financial statements that forecast the resource implications of making business decisions. It is important because the financial plan will need to take into account sources of finance, costs of finance, and costs of developing the project, as well as the revenues and likely profits to justify the expansion programme. Financial plans are typically made out for a given time period, e. g. one, three or five years. Without a financial planning, Ford will not be able to know which target to aim and do not know how much to spend. It will avoid unnecessary debts and be more effective in the construction, use and protection of its wealth through the years. An audit of financial resources would include assessment of the following factors: |Existing finance funds |- Cash balances | |   |- Bank overdraft | |   |- Bank and other loans | |   |- Shareholders’ capital | |   |- Working capital (e. g. tocks, debtors) already invested in the business | |   |- Creditors (suppliers, government) | |Ability to raise new |- Strength and reputation of the management team and the overall Ford | |funds | | |   |- Strength of relationships with existing investors and lenders | |   |- Attractiveness of the market in which the business operates (i. e. s it a market that is attracting investment | | |generally? ) | |   |- Listing on a quoted Stock Exchange? If not, is this a realistic possibility? | ? Human Resources The importance of human resources within an organization is becoming increasingly understoo d in today’s rapidly changing and uncertain business environment. In order to assist employees in helping Ford to reach its strategic business goals, effective human resource managers often gather job related information in a job analysis and job description, which is vital to creating or re-designing jobs which provide employees with a high level of job satisfaction. The basic human resource activity can help Ford to achieve strategic goals more efficiently and effectively by avoiding both duplication and overlapping of work. An audit of human resources would include assessment of the following factors: |Existing staffing |- Numbers of staff by function, location, grade, experience, qualification, remuneration | |resources | | |   |- Existing rate of staff loss | |   |- Overall standard of training and specific training standards in key oles | |   |- Assessment of key such as morale, business culture | |Changes required to |- What changes to the organization of Ford are included in the strategy (e. g. change of location, new locations, | |resources |and new products)? | |   |- What incremental human resources are required? | |   |- How should they be sourced? | ? Physical Resources The category of physical resources covers wide range of operational resources concerned with the physical capability to deliver a strategy. These include: |Production facilities |- Location of existing production facilities; capacity; investment and maintenance requirements | | |- Current production processes – quality; method organisation | | |- Extent to which production requirements of the strategy can be delivered by existing facilities | |Marketing facilities |- Marketing management process | | |- Distribution channels | |Information technology |- IT systems | | |- Integration with customers and suppliers | ? Intangible Resources It is easy to ignore the intangible resources of a business when assessing how to deliver a strategy – but they can be crucial. Intangibles include: |Goodwill |- The difference between the value of the tangible assets of the business and the actual value of the business | | |(what someone would be prepared to pay for it) | |Reputation |- Does the business have a track record of delivering on its strategic objectives? If so, this could help gather | | |the necessary support from employees and suppliers | |Brands |- Strong brands are often the key factor in whether a growth strategy is a success or failure | |Intellectual Property |- Key commercial rights protected by patents and trademarks may be an important factor in the strategy. | ? Tools required supporting Ford’s process Policy is a mandate and directive from the top of the organization. Its purpose is to influence behavior. From it, management provides the overarching principles under which the business operates. It should not vary in its message or enforcement model. Procedures are process specific and detail the steps taken to achieve an objective. Procedures include operations manual, user manual, and all manner of process documentation. Policies are usually seen as the rules, or laws, of an organization, whereas the procedures are the processes used to enact the policies. However, many companies see policies and procedures as belonging to the Legal/Compliance department, and create another set of processes — usually referred to as an â€Å"operational guide† — that are created and maintained by the operational area that executes the actual processes. If it is put into BPM (Business Process Management), then some of these operational procedures may be further documented in the process. Besides, there is the responsibility issue that is referred to above lead to the question who is responsible for each of these essential bits of corporate documentation. If process maps are created within a BPMS, do they become part of the business process documentation, replace part of it, or stay as a separate â€Å"implementation view† of the processes? There are several cases where the process maps in a BPMS bear little resemblance to what the business perceives as its processes, either due to limitations in the BPMS environment or to the business having an incomplete view of the process. Third is the whole technology issue: how is all of this information captured, published and synchronized? There are tools such as Rules Arts and Rule Burst that help to capture policies as high-level non-executable rules — an approach that makes more sense than just trying to document them free-form in a word processor while praying for consistency. Some of this systems are also business rules engines, that is, they execute the rules and can be called from other applications; some are just platforms for non-technical users to document policies, detect gaps and exceptions, and help to ensure compliance. Processes based on rules. Those organizations documenting their policies in a word processor are likely also documenting their procedures in the same way — in fact, possibly in the same document — using descriptive text and a few diagrams. At some level of detail, someone starts drawing process maps, although these are usually as illustrations to the descriptive text rather than a replacement for it. Policies are guidelines and best practices which are enforced by an organization to achieve a desired outcome consistently to the benefit of an organization. There are two distinct types of policies – technical policies and business policies. Changes in technical policies may or may not impact the business processes. Changes in business policy will certainly affect business processes since business policies are nothing but externalization and manifestation of business rules using XML and BPEL. Service orientation provides the capability to alter the business processes dynamically and instantaneously as per the changing business needs by applying the policy changes unlike in the traditional IT + Business environments, where a simple policy change can take several months to implement. ? System required supporting business process A structured, measured set of activities designed to produce a specific output for a particular customer or market. It implies a strong emphasis on how work is done within Ford, in contrast to a product focus’s emphasis on. A process is thus a specific ordering of work activities across time and space, with a beginning and an end, and clearly defined inputs and outputs: a structure for action. †¦ Taking a process approach implies adopting the customer’s point of view. A typical characteristic of a successful process-based organisation is the absence of secondary activities in the primary value flow that is created in the customer oriented primary processes. The characteristic of processes indicates that processes are embedded in some form of organisational structure. Also, a process can be cross-functional, i. e. it ranges over several business functions. A structure system required for supporting a business process identifies: ? The activities and tasks within a business process. ? The actions (i. e. steps) performed in each task, the mode in which each action will be performed, and the time that will be required to execute the task. ? The inputs/materials required by a task. ? The outputs/ products produced by a task. ? The internal and external customers and suppliers of a task. ? The organisational units that will be responsible for performing the task and the geographical locations where the task will be performed. ? The sequence in which the tasks will be performed. ? The data required by a business process and the quality and timeliness requirements of the data. ? The process measurement capabilities designed into the new business processes. 5. Quality audit system/ practice to manage and monitor quality to standards specified By adapting some models which based on controlling quality in manufacturing and operated process, Ford Vietnam is the only one Motor company in Vietnam that was granted three quality certifications by International Organization for Standardization, that are ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and QS 9000. In specific certification about quality was set, Ford Vietnam was passed the test and standard quality certification ISO/TS 16949 by International Automotive Task Force (IATF). ISO 9001: when receiving this kind of certification, that means Ford Vietnam was the company that achieves all the requirements about quality regulation. There are some kinds of quality objectives was required, they are quality of broad of directors and quality of all departments of company to meet the customer demands. ISO 14001: is the standard of environmental management requirements given its management of environment needs for organizations. The purpose of ISO 14001 is to help organization protecting its environment. By receiving this standard, Ford Vietnam expresses that they built the environmental management system and set the environmental objectives and had the system to control what they had set. QS 9000: The QS-9000 Quality System requirements are divided into three sections. Section 1: Common requirements, includes the exact text of ISO 9001 with the addition of automotive / heavy trucking requirements. Section 2: Additional Requirements, includes requirements beyond the scope of ISO 9001, common to all three manufacturers. Section 3: Customer Specific Sections contains requirements unique to either Ford, General Motors, or Chrysler. ISO/TS 16949: is the quality system requirement for Ford Motor Company suppliers (production and service parts and materials). It includes innovate and improve quality of products cause of changing requirements all the time. Receiving these standard certifications that means Ford was accepted by customer cause of quality. As the result, Ford needs to apply a quality audit system to keep going these standards. In recent time, by always innovate the quality of product and management, ith slogan â€Å"Quality is Job number one†, Ford is using TQM (Total Quality Management) system to manage and monitor the standards specified. Based on the Managing activities to Achieve Result BBP course book, TQM was defined that â€Å"as the management approach of an organization centered on quality, based on the participation of all its members and aiming at long-term success. This is achieved through customer satisfaction and benefits to all members of the organization and to society†. TQM requires the integration of all functions of organization (marketing, finance, production†¦). As a tool support to meet objective of TQM that â€Å"Do the right thing, right the first time, every time†, Six Sigma was concerned within Ford Company. Mike Stock, a Ford Master Black Belt said â€Å"Consumer Driven 6-Sigma allowed us to look at the interactions between all of the components to find the true root cause; the data it produced allowed us to identify all of the key contributors, and how much each truly impacted the overall issue† First of all, â€Å"for each department of Ford Vietnam like Marketing, Finance, Human resource must achieve target 6-Sigma† _ say Mr Vuong. That explains the first rules of 6-sigma that everyone must be involved. According to Mr Vuong, every management levels and team of staffs have a Scorecard that set objectives about safety, quality, and delivery have to achieve. Each staffs of team in company need to have their own objectives based on the top-management objectives and have monthly review. In 6-Sigma, there are two pieces Project in Ford, they are Green Belt and Black belt teams. Black Belts typically use tools such as process mapping, cause-and-effect diagrams, failure mode and effects analysis, design of experiments, and mistake proofing in their daily work. Black belt team is gathering of the ones who have experiences, skills. Green belt team learns to help Black Belts do projects faster. Green Belt training allows the people who are affected by the Six Sigma projects to be able to continue to monitor and control the improvement and to do their jobs better. To Ford, 6- sigma is the channel to conduct training in manufacturing for SPC (Statistical Process Control). As the Process map was discussed in part above, at the end of each period of process, there are the testing step from input to output, the staff in testing step will check whether having mistakes or not. For example, in body shop, after frame of car was assembled, there have the 3D measure checking machine to check whether the standard parameter meets the requirements or not. Moreover, any issue appears in assembling process, the employee will warn to manager of this part and he will solve the issues. Furthermore, the feedback of customer voice will be concerned and solved. In conclude, the quality audit system was used by Ford is TQM with the improvement method is Six-sigma. The quality of human and products of Ford was improved and developed. 6. Quality culture embedding to ensure continuous monitoring and development of the process Automobile industry requires strictly safety condition, because it relates to safe of consumers. Before reaching to consumers, they are tested many times carefully. Thus, if the company focuses mainly on quantity, ignore quality, defects may occur that affects to customer satisfaction. In addition, the company might encounter with compensation for their defects that affect directly to revenue of the company. Therefore, in order to avoid errors that results in costing money, and risk of losing customers, quality-focus should be carried out and be the culture of the company. It means that quality should be concerned by all employees and continuous improving it. Quality is considered as the most concerned factor of Ford with slogan: â€Å"Quality is job number one. † Quality is not only carried out in steps of process but also in employees. 6. 1. Quality in employees Beginning with employees of Ford organization in Vietnam, located in Hai Duong, most of them are qualified and skilled employees. Bachelor degree for staff with English skills, experiences, interview, team work, and so on. Workers at least intermediate degree to satisfy working requirements, i. e. English skills, technical abilities, team work, and interview. After that they have training course to accustom to the work. Salary for Ford employees are competitive compare to other companies. They are also received bonus depends on the company situation. The best employee will be awarded for the one who work best each month. It proves that the company selects and trains employees carefully to maintain and attract quality employees. Through our visiting to Ford, Ford employees are friendly; show us their operation dedicatedly, answer all questions responsibly that makes advantages for us to do assignment well. They also work really discipline. Workers follow safety labor strictly. In addition, in this factory, clinic is quite clean and equipped; first aid process is displayed everywhere, there are at least two nurses in the clinic in case there is any accident. Thus, the most serious accident in this factory is lost one part of a finger. 6. 2. Quality in process Qualified employees help manufacturing process in factory go well. As we mentioned in some parts above, input and output are tested carefully in each period, and in general. In addition, Ford care about feedbacks as well as complaints of customers. Ford products must satisfy Ford standards in particularly, achieve ISO, requirements of car industry, i. e. ISO 9001, QS 9000, ISO 14001, TS 16949. If there are more orders than usual, Ford still focuses on quality, careful in each step of process. Although it takes time and lengthen delivered time, it brings guaranteed for consumers. Furthermore, Ford builds quality culture based on two factors of Six Sigma system, i. e. Green Belts and Black Belts. Green Belts support for Black Belts to carry out projects more effective. Employees take one week training program to understand Six Sigma system as well as Black Belts basically. There are three classes in Green Belts training which depends on fields that employee trained, i. e. technical, manufacturing, and transactional. Apart from these, one of the responsibilities of Green Belts is to ensure the quality improvement, continuous monitoring, and control it which can avoid losing control management. In terms of Black Belts which used some methods, i. e. xperiments, mistake proofing, process map, cause and effect diagrams, failure mode and effect analysis in their daily work to avoid errors that make work better. Ford has applied Black Belts for two years and DMAIC cycle model, which stands for Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control for current operations, will be organized for one month to train employees. To sum it up, Ford is now carrying out to maintain as well as improve quality to make it become culture of the organization. However, building quality culture to ensure monitor and development of process is take time and cost. 7. Recommendation to improve quality and the function of Ford Vietnam 7. 1. Problem Ford VN is evaluated as one of the companies which have the best working environment. In fact, with half a day visiting in the manufactory of Ford VN, everything seems to be very good. The employees are equipped with many modern working tools. Besides, the manufactory is clean and quite friendly with the environment. In addition, all the employees follow the roles, policies and procedures of the factory. Moreover, there are a lot of activities to motivate the employees. However, our group realized that the atmosphere in the manufactory is so serene that there is very little communication among employees. Of course, when they are in the working hours, they focus on the works that they have to get done. However, it is not better in the break time. In the lunch, the employees just stand in a queue to wait for taking their meals. After that, they sit down, eat, give back the dishes, and then go back their places. There is no hurry, fun, sense in their face. Everything happening likes a film in slow motion and repeats every day. 7. 2. Reasons There are two main reasons for that problem such as the characteristic of the job and the not high pressure in work. ? The characteristic of the job The main characteristic of the job is the specialization in production. It means that each employee is a specialist in a specific job, so that they will repeat the acts in the assembly line day by day. As a result, it will make the employees feel boring. In fact, the first using assembly line with Model T in 1908 by Henry Ford created the success and strong brand of Ford Motor Company. Henry Ford did not invent the automobile or the assembly line. He did, however, change the world by using an assembly line technique to produce cars which could be afforded by everyone. By improving the assembly line so that the Model T could be produced ever more inexpensively, Ford placed the power of the internal combustion engine within reach of the average citizen. He transformed the automobile itself from a luxury to a necessity. From 1909 to 1029, the Ford Motor Company built more than 15 million Model T[1]. Without a doubt, Henry Ford transformed the economic and social fabric of the 20th century. However, this masterpiece of the 20th century is now becoming a headache problem of the 21st century. In fact, the company makes many chances for the worker to exchange their job in the assembly line with six months training. Nevertheless, this seems to be not effective in improving the atmosphere in the manufactory. ? The not high pressure in work The work with not high pressure or even quite love pressure is a peaceful work. It might sound good. However, stability and peace are not a good element to motivate the employees. It may cause boredom for the employees, and then may cause the reason for their leaving. The main reason why the pressure in work is low is the very low demand consuming products of Ford VN. The productivity of the manufactory is quite low only reached about 10%. Although, the sales volume of Ford in 2009 is grow up comparing with the sales volume of Ford the year before, it is quite low comparing with the biggest competitor, Toyota and the development of Car market in Vietnam. The first reason is the product itself. The design of products of Ford is not outstanding in comparison with products of other motor company such as Toyota, Honda, GM Daewoo, and so on. Meanwhile, the main customer buying car is the one who have very how income and care about the fashion trend so much. Moreover, the engine of products of Ford is petro consuming and quite cumbersome. It is a very big advantage of products of Ford in the period of financial crisis. Besides, the marketing activities of Ford VN are quite quiet. As a result, the image of Ford VN is dimmer and dimmer. Many people don’t know about the different product line of Ford VN. If this problem continues to happen. This will make the decreasing in market share. As a result the profit of the company is also going down, then the profit is decreasing, and then the bonus is also decreasing. This will lead to a result of the leaving of their employees. 7. 3. Recommendations and evaluation Due to reasons mentioned at the previous part, there is a need of changing in the Ford VN. In general, Ford VN should change in two issues: increasing the market share and motivation. The main job of increasing the market share is to create the demand for the Vietnamese customers. Based on the reasons of the problem, carrying out market researches, developing marketing activities, and changing in the product itself should be done to increase the market share. Although it may cost a lot in short-term, the company can obtain benefits in the long-term. The company does not have to apply all methods presented below at the same time, they can be applied depends on the situation of the company and the Vietnamese car market in specific period. ? Market researches Market research includes four methods, i. e. urvey, interview, observation, focus group. Depends on the situation of the company, Vietnamese market, appropriated methods can be applied. The company should carry out two kinds of market research. Firstly, the company should do a research inside the company. It means that t he company should understand clearly about the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities as well as the threats of the company. It is important for the company to find out the disadvantage competitive to make it better and the advantage competitive to develop. The company should also find out about the distribution system to support them. Secondly, Ford VN should do research market about car market in Vietnam. It is important for the company to understand clearly about the potential market size, and trends of the car consumers. With the development of technology, the trends of the customers are changing so much days by days. They also care about the reputation of the brands, the fashion trends, petrol-consume and so on. Therefore, by doing the market research regularly, Ford can catch up the new trends of the market in common. Additionally, the company also can set up the price so as suitable with the Vietnamese living standard. Besides, the company may update information about the competitors in Vietnamese market. The best way to be the leader in the car market is to itself create its trends that attract the customers. However, the result of market research may not really precise; thus, the company should not rely totally on those results. ? Marketing activities Although Ford is a well-known brand, and familiar to Vietnamese customers, rarely do Ford products circulates in Hanoi streets. Through our observation, one of the reasons is rate of advertising on television, public places is rather low. In addition, car is luxury goods, not everyone can afford it, thus customers tend to consider carefully before making decision based on price, infrastructure, climate, petrol-consume, and so on. Therefore, marketing and sales is very important to increase market shares in Vietnam. It is common knowledge that there are six lines of Ford cars in Vietnam, i. e. New Focus, Mondeo, Escape, Everest, Ranger, and Transit. Each of them has their own functions and features that appropriate with Vietnamese geography. Vietnam is divided into three areas, i. e. the North, the Middle, and the South with different geography. Geography in the North is flatter than the Middle and the South. Thus, Escape, Everest, and Ranger are likely to be suitable for the Middle and the South. New Focus and Mondeo are appropriated to the North, and some parts of the South where has flat terrain. Therefore, Ford should carry out promotional activities that suitable for each place based on Vietnamese geography. There are a range of promotional activities, i. e. advertising, sale promotion, public relations, direct marketing, and personal selling, and so on. On the other hand, cost for promotion is very high. Therefore, promotional activities should be applied effectively and creatively. Advertising It is important to regain attention of Vietnamese customers by advertising to prove that Ford is new trend and people will be fashionable when drive it. Besides, Ford should increase rate of advertisement on television, magazines, cinemas, placards, posters in public places. Ford can advertise in golden hours, from 7p. m to 10p. m to catch attention of customers. Advertisement should be in long-term. Feature of cars should be emphasized to remind customers that they select the most appropriate car. Advertising should be assigned to experience as well as creative advertising company. Public relation Besides advertising, public relation is very important. In this method, some celebrities should be invited to use and promote Ford cars to show that it is fashionable when driving Ford every day. Furthermore, in order to build up a good cooperate image, good relationship with customers, some activities should be carried out: †¢ Sponsoring for events, e. g. V-League championship, concerts, sport events, and so on. Especially, there is ceremony of 1000 year of Thang Long – Hanoi, Ford can take part to sponsor this activity. †¢ Awarding scholarship for poor children or encourage pupils, students who have excellent result. †¢ Participating in charities programs, or celebrates the days about environment. Sales promotion: Ford can discount for sales promotion, or reduce tax, free-register, or give gift for customers. Ford should concern about old customers, e. g. discount guaranteed. Direct marketing Among six lines of products, Transit is likely to be used in enterprises. Therefore, besides those activities above, direct marketing should be applied. With business buyers, there always have a group of people response o select product for their business. Ford should use face-to-face marketing method at the first stage by offer some experienced employees with communicative ability, flexible, professional to come to these firms to introduce. With those activities are presented above, a lthough the cost is high and can make loss for Ford in short-term, the company can achieve the good result in long-term. Along with that, with activities Ford plan to contribute to community, it is proved that Ford is an ethic company, has responsibilities for Vietnamese and to be favored by Vietnamese citizens. ? Changing in the product itself This changing in the product mostly depends on the market research. Furthermore, the most difficult thing of Ford VN is that the main job of the company is to assemble the car based on the design of Mother Company in the United State of America. Every spare parts and engine are imported from foreign countries. However, the company can propose the changing to the suppliers so that the products of Ford are more suitable with the demand and trends and the car market in Vietnam. Nevertheless, changing in the product applied for Vietnam must ask for permission from the Mother Company as well as shareholders. Thus, it may take time whether the suggestion is passed or not. In addition, the suggestion applied for Vietnam should be similar to other countries. Ford cannot manufacture a new design only for Vietnam because it cost too much and it does not guarantee that whether the company can cover the loss or not. In term of motivation, the company has quite done a good job in creating the good working environment for its employees. However, there are some changes the company should do to manage and motivate employees more effectively. Firstly, the company should have a little bit change in conditions of taking the training courses sponsored by Ford VN. There is a problem that, some employees of Ford taking the Master course at the faculty of international education at NEU have serious attitude in studying because there is no rules or condition between the employees and Ford VN. Then, they were absent a lot. As a result, the training courses sponsored by Ford VN that those employees took were not effective. Besides, there is a problem that, after taking the training courses sponsored by Ford VN, some employees left Ford and went to other company, the competitors of Ford, for example. Therefore, instead of no condition of taking the training courses, the company should have some conditions when support the employees taking the training courses to hold its employees. Additionally, the company should build up an entertainment room for the employees. From that, it increases the communication among employees, and then creates enthusiasm for the employees. Moreover, the company should build a hostel building for the employees whose houses are far from the manufactory. Furthermore, the company should also have a psychological consulting room. In that room, the employees can share all their worries, opinion, and so on as well as receive advice from the profession. It is the good way to reduce stress for employees and have better results in working. Conclusion After observing, analysing and evaluating Ford’s organisation, we, group 19 has drawn to the conclusion as well as some recommendations for Fords to change for improvement of quality and its function. 15 years has gone by and Ford’s market share has decreased while the sale volume is increasing rapidly each years. It means that Ford is not the trend-setter but trend-follower. Ford’s line seems to be in the position of wait, which is not appropriate in this competed market when lots of car enterprises took part in the market such as Mercedes-Benz, Toyota, BMW, Daewoo, Hyundai, etc. As for the middle class car, Ford was unable to compete with Hyundai or Daewoo whose prices are suitable for most of Vietnamese people. Besides, luxury car of Ford has no chance to compete with Mercedes-Benz, Camry of Toyota or Audi of BMW, etc. On the other hands, Ford’s cars have a disadvantage that lead to the slow sale volume is petrol-consuming whether others Cars Company has considered of this problem long time ago. Therefore we have analysed and evaluated Ford’s situations and drawn some recommendations for it to improve quality as well as its function. However, this recommendation is still in theory, it depends on market’s variety and requires sensibility and sensitivity of Ford’s managers, in order to act suitably with the change of market. References †¢ CBS News (2010 February 4), Toyota Admits Prius Brake Problem [Online], Available from: http://www. cbsnews. com/stories/2010/02/04/business/main6172360. shtml [Assessed April 24, 2010] †¢ History of Model T [Online], Available from: http://www. modelt. ca/background. html [Assessed April 24, 2010] †¢ Howard Smith and Peter Fingar (2003). Business Process Management. The Third Wave, MK Press [Assessed April 22, 2010] †¢ Linh Anh (2010 February 15), Michael Pease – The General Director of Ford VN: Vietnam attracts me [Online], Available from: http://dddn. com. vn/20100204104043406cat100/michael-pease-tong-giam-doc-ford-vn-viet-nam-cuon-hut-toi. htm [Assessed April 23, 2010] †¢ One Ford mission [Online], Available from: http://www. ford. com/about-ford/company-information/one-ford [Assessed April 23, 2010] †¢ Pete Pander and Larry Holpp (2002), What is Six Sigma? McGraw-Hill, New York †¢ Pham Huyen (2010 March 16), Ford Vietnam may also have accelerator problems [Online], Available from: http://en. www. info. n/transport/214-autos/2634-ford-vietnam-may-also-have-accelerator-problems [Assessed April 20, 2010] †¢ Quynh Trang (2009 November 23), New expectation of Ford Vietnam [Online], Available from: http://www6. vnmedia. vn/newsdetail. asp? NewsId=180590CatId=305 [Assessed April 24, 2010] †¢ Resources of a Busin ess (2009). Resources required supporting business process. [Online] Available at: http://tutor2u. net/default. asp [Assessed April 22, 2010] †¢ Scott M. Paton (n. d. ), Consumer-driver Six Sigma saves Ford $300 million [Online], Available from: http://www. qualitydigest. com/sept01/html/ford. html [Assessed April 21, 2010] †¢ Six Sigma Black Belt and Six Sigma Green Belt [Online], Available from: http://www. sixsigmaonline. org/six-sigma-training-certification-information/articles/six-sigma-black-belt-and-six-sigma-green-belt. tml [Assessed April 21, 2010] †¢ Thomas Pyzdek (2003), 101 things every six sigma black belt should know [Online], Available from: http://www. sixsigmatraining. org/101 [Assessed April 23, 2010] †¢ VON HALLE, Barbara GOLDBERG, Larry (2006 October 9). The Business Rule Revolution. [Assessed April 22, 2010] ———————– [1] History of Model T, Available from: http://www. modelt. ca/backgro und. html ———————– General Director Quality Manager Deputy Manager Public Affair After market sales service Sales Marketing Technical Affair Human resource Finance Supply Operation Launching Purchasing Logistics Manufacturing Body shop Paint shop TCF Support function Materials (Body parts, paints, engines, etc. ) Yes No No No Yes Stored in the ground Completed cars Fix Is the car water-proof? Water-resistance test Are the functions of the car qualified? Functional Tests Yes Yes Yes Yes Is the frame of the car installed right? No Yes Check, then fix or discard if cannot fix Accessories, bumpers and tires installation Is the surface of the paint qualified? Body shop (ground up frames, install engines, etc. ) Paint shop (paint the car) Stored in the warehouse Yes No No Yes Yes No Material from warehouse Doors installation Engine installation Are there any issues with the frame? Are there any issues with the materials? Change and check the whole materials in the warehouse. Frame ground up Random size check with specific machines Is the size of the frame achieved the estimated quality? Completed frame with engines and doors Moved to paint shop Moved to testing area Completed car, prepare for last tests Accessories installation Yes Tires installation Bumpers installation No Yes Re-clean the surface Are there any issues with the surface of the frame? Surface check Dry room Paint No Are there any issues with the surface of the frame? Surface check Flow the surface to clean it up with high speed fans Completed frame with engines from body shop How to cite Managing to Achieve Results, Essay examples

Porter Generic Competitive Strategies †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Porter Generic Competitive Strategies. Answer: Introduction Coca-Cola Amatil (CCA) operates in six countries, including, Australia, Indonesia, Fiji and Samoa, Fiji and Samoa and Papua New Guinea. The company specializes in producing non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages, fruit juice, coffee, tea, water, beer, flavored milk, energy drinks and food snacks ready to eat. The company operates for more than 100 years, it employs about 14 thousand people. The company serves more than 270 Mn. customers which encourage it to lead the innovation and create a sustainable future. Amatil is committed to build a talented and diversified workforce, which is aligned to its core values and culture. It allows for a career path to its employees that fulfills their aspirations (Coca Cola Amatil, 2016d) The Amatil sustainability framework focuses on four areas according to Coca Cola Amatil (2016d), as follows: People: Refers to the workforce at the company, as it provides an open workplace to motivate them. Wellbeing: By providing the consumer with a variety of goods that fulfill their needs and disseminate quality information to them to make their decisions. Environment: The company avoids activities that may harm the environment to keep its sustainability. Community: the company operates with its partners to deliver and gain shared benefits. This report analysis the strategies of Amatil, practices, its environmental analysis and its corporate culture. The development and growth of the organisation from its beginnings to the present: Mission: Amatil seeks to refresh the world and inspire people with happiness and optimism (UK Essays, 2017). Vision: The Amatil vision is to create millions of happy moments to its customers and make them possible. To fulfill this vision, the company diversifies its products, creates shared value with its customers, creates common purposes with its partners, lean production system and offers attractive returns to the shareholder. Amatil vision reflects the scale of business in the current time and in the future (Coca Cola Amatil, 2017). Core competencies: In order to fulfill its mission, the company has its unique and inimitable fashion that could not be imitated by competitors, the company uses different bottling partners to focus on marketing and beverage creation (UK Essays, 2017). Amatil follows the group strategy to achieve its success, as it positions the company to create growth and get long term value. As a result of market changes, Amatil creates partnerships to adapt to the changing environment by working close to its partners, produce and sell a variety of products (Coca Cola Amatil, 2015). Creating a relationship built on trust and collaboration is the enabler for growth for the company (Coca Cola Amatil, 2016d). According to Coca Cola Amatil (2017), there are three pillars that the company' strategy depends on: Lead of strengthening position: Through brand leadership in different categories in the market, leading innovationsand responding to customer's demand. Execute changes in the production and the market: Through customer service, diversification of production, leveraging the company economies of scale. Partnership: Through aligning the company strategy with the Coca-Cola Company strategy and other partners, creating a shared vision with partners and increasing the profitability of the company and its partners. Porters generic strategies Porters framework of competitive strategy (1980) as cited in Strategic Partners (n.d.), discussed the generic strategies that organizations adopt as the cost reduction and product differentiation, but the new strategies depend more on the value chain which require building and sustaining long term relationships with partners to increase the organizational capabilities among the organizational activities. It is obvious the Amatil depends on leveraging its value chain and stringing its relations with its partners. Also, as Porter argues that firms that have a big market share are successful as they can benefit from reducing their costs, which is a strategy also adopted by Amatil as it benefits from the product differentiation strategy to reduce its costs. Accordingly, Amatil combines different strategies (Tanwar, 2013). In order to improve its current strategies, Amatil reformulates several projects as introducing smaller packs, uses its innovation capabilities, improving the market model, by improving the consumer experience and automating the routine tasks. The sales team is freed for new market and business development activities and to use the digital marketing tools (Coca Cola Amatil, 2016a). Criticisms of the business practices of the company: Amatil has to deal with a large volume of data, which requires information systems to manage and monitor the quality of data. The use of information system requires changes in the technical infrastructure and the employees' acceptance to change (Coca Cola Amatil, 2012). The solution: Implementing the SatoriCCM. Monitoring system (Coca Cola Amatil, 2012). The outcome: The company implemented a control and monitoring system, but the employees' resistance to change created an obstacle of applying the system. The company lacks the managerial capabilities that could lead the implementation of the new system and change the employees' behavior. As the staff refused to deal with the new system, it was not monitored. It was supposed to monitor the staff credit card activity through the SatoriCCM. But efforts were made to change the employees' culture by describing the benefits of the new system (Coca Cola Amatil, 2012). Challenge of managing global business Being a global company result in facing some strategic challenges represented in the rapid expansion of the brand portfolio, the diversified product types, the complexity of distribution, and aligning to legislations (Coca Cola Amatil, 2016c). The solution: Implementing ORTEC for SAP ERP and ORTEC Route Scheduling (Coca Cola Amatil, 2016c). The results: Achieving increased levels of flexibility in production and delivery, cost cut, increased customer satisfaction, optimizing the logistic operation and on time delivery (Coca Cola Amatil, 2016c). Third: The environmental analysis for the involvement of the organisation in the context of the industry: The SWOT analysis is conducted to analyze the organizational internal strengths and weaknesses and the external opportunities and threats, according to UK Essays (2017), it could be discussed as follows: Strengths: It has a strong brand capabilities and superior returns for the company shareholders. The company has an excellent value chain, which involves the operational planning, logistics, infrastructure and manufacturing. Amatil is very responsive to customer demand, has innovation capabilities, valuable resources, high technological capabilities and quality system that enables the company to keep its leading position in the market and achieve efficiency. The company key capabilities, includes, the improvement in the inventory management system. The inventory management system ensures that the appropriate quantities are distributed and the appropriate stock is kept in the store. Operating with low inventory levels reduces the costs. The company invests in the automated manufacturing, warehouse led to cost saving. It also invests in the semi-automated distribution center, which resulted in better customer service. Accordingly, Amatil is considered among the most cost saving branches in the global Coca Cola group. Weaknesses: The company has to monitor its safety levels at workplace to provide a healthy platform for its staff. The company needs to promote for the zero harm teams concept. Opportunities: The Coca-Cola Amatil is a world class leader in the beverage industry. It has good capabilities in customer service and distribution service in the market. Amatil could flexibly respond to consumer needs, as it gathers information about its customers, their needs and their preferences the company technological capabilities enables it to track its customer through the wireless technology as it monitors the vendor machine stocks. These capabilities inform the company about the consumer intends to purchase the products and it could be used in the company promotional activities. Amatil adopts the policy of cutting the greenhouse gas emissions. Threats: The rareness of the raw material used in the soft drink creates the company competitive advantage, however, the soft drink industry in Australia is about to reach its maturity phase. The market conditions encouraged the Amatil competitors to produce and promote for healthier products as the fruit juice and energy drinks. Coca-Cola Amatil faces the challenge of deteriorating earnings-per-share ration, also the company expects more decreases in its earnings-per-share over the coming year (Roddan, 2016). The Amatil major risk related issues resulted in an initial settlements estimate about $250k, that is why the company has to identify the sources of risk in the strategic and the operational levels, to adopt a collaborative process for risk management and transfer and to review its risk management framework and its potential impact (Aon Corporation Australia Limited, 2014). To overcome its threat, Amatil started to expand its business beyond the carbonated soft drinks, by diversifying its production to include coffee, alcohol, fruit juice and water (UK Essays, 2017) and (Coca Cola Amatil, 2016b). The organisational culture within the organisation: Coca Cola Amatil corporate values control and guide the staff behavior and the decision making process (Coca Cola Amatil, 2016d). The company main values could be described according to Coca Cola Amatil (2017), as follows: Openness and straight forward Taking initiatives and owing the output Focusing on the short and long run Coca Cola Amatil does not rely only on the good management systems, but it also focuses on changing the corporate culture. Face to face communication facilitates the problem solving. Promoting good health and safety at the workplace among the employees result in their satisfaction besides of setting promotional system for safety practices. The staff promotes for good brand image and safety at the workplace to be engaged in the corporate culture. The company promotes for the zero harm teams concept to show the importance and the value of the teams. Also, it promotes for reporting culture to enhance the knowledge sharing across the organizational departments, as employees are encouraged to report everything they practice (Adams, 2011). Coca-Cola Amatil in Australia promotes for the culture of empowering female talent in the leadership positions. It plans for increasing the senior leadership women from 25% to 35% to encourage managers to think broadly by evaluating the employees' skills at different levels (The Ministry of women's affair, 2012). The Amatil policy is to find the talents who have cross-functional and transferable skills, as women who have the cross-functional skills and can develop their careers. The future leaders are invited to be enrolled in a 12 month development initiative which is called Excel (Coca Cola Amatil, 2013). CEOs who inspired the employees, developed / implemented the strategies successfully and created the companys culture: Amatil could leverage its global network through its brand partners, shareholders, the Coca-Cola Company to boost its capabilities in Asia. Amatil gain benefits from the existence of two of the international Coca-Cola in the Asia region. Amatil directors are responsible for decision making and promoting for the corporate culture, investment decisions, the change processes and employee development. The group managing director, Alison Watkins, argues that the corporate board of directors could make the major growth business for Amatil in Indonesia. Also, India witnessed the practice of using the perfect fruit under the guidance of Non- executive Director of Amatil and Chairman of Hindustan. As Amatil believes that it is very important to hire the best leaders and develop the skills of the future leaders (Asialink Business, 2017). Conclusion: The report assumes that the diversified and differentiated strategies conducted by Amatil enabled it to sustain its growth and avoid potential risks. The company could also create its unique competitive advantage by differentiating its designs from other competitors. The corporate culture at Amatil guides the staff towards fulfilling the organizational goals. It is obviously the Amatil depends on leveraging its value chain and stringing its relations with its partners and it combines different strategies to achieve its business objectives. Amatil could leverage its global network through its brand partners, shareholders, the Coca-Cola Company to boost its capabilities in Asia. Amatil gain benefits from the existence of two of the international Coca-Cola in the Asia region. Coca Cola Amatil does not rely only on the good management systems, but it also focuses on changing the corporate culture. Promoting good health and safety at workplace among the employees result in their satisfaction besides of setting promotional system for safety practices. References Adams, G., 2011. Our zero harm journey. The Business Leaders Health and Safety. Aon Corporation Australia Limited, 2014. Australian case study- Coca-Cola Amatil. Australia. Asialink Business, 2017. Coca-Cola Amatil - Case study. [Online] Available at: https://asialinkbusiness.com.au [Accessed 27 August 2017]. Coca Cola Amatil, 2012. Case study. Coca Cola Amatil, 2013. Sustainability port. Coca Cola Amatil, 2015. Real possibilities real progress - Annual report. Coca Cola Amatil, 2016a. Half year report. Australia. Coca Cola Amatil, 2016b. Investor day. Coca Cola Amatil, 2016c. The world of Coca Cola Amatil optimized by ORTEC. Coca Cola Amatil, 2016d. Annual report. Coca Cola Amatil, 2017. Vision values. [Online] Available at: https://ccamatil.com [Accessed 27 August 2017]. Roddan, M., 2016. Coca-Cola Amatil sees further challenges. [Online] Available at: https://www.theaustralian.com.au [Accessed 27 August 2017]. Strategic Partners, n.d. The value chain in the 21st century - Adapting to change. [Online] Available at: https://www.strategispartners.com.au [Accessed 27 August 2017]. Tanwar, R., 2013. Porters generic competitive strategies. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, pp.11-17. The Ministry of women's affair, 2012. Transforming Cultures to grow Women Leaders. New Zealand. UK Essays, 2017. Evaluation of Coca Cola strategies: SWOT analysis. [Online] Available at: https://www.ukessays.com [Accessed 27 August 2017].

Mlb Players Are over Paid free essay sample

According to My Budget 360 the average middle class working American makes $46,326 a year (â€Å"How Much Does the Average American Make? Breaking Down the U. S. Household Income Numbers. † Par 2. ) Another problem teams are running into after paying their players large contracts is there lack of performance. It is also unfair to some of the lower income teams in the league. They are not able to pay the big name players in the league like many other teams in the league are able to. My argument with this is MLB athletes don’t deserve the amount of money they annually make, and it is unfair to everyday working Americans who are struggling to live the day to day life. To begin with, I believe Major League Baseball players are way overpaid, and have no idea what it is like to live off a regular American salary. According to baseball writer, Richard Cato, many rookie athletes are worried more about how much money there are going to make, before they even think about throwing their first pitch in there major league career. We will write a custom essay sample on Mlb Players Are over Paid or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Almost 10 years ago former cubs pitcher, Mark Prior, argued and argued with team management that his 10 million dollar contract was not going to be enough to support himself and his family (par 5. ) This is where my problem begins with Athletes being overpaid. They complain about not making enough money each year, where middle and lower class Americans manage to live off there much smaller salaries. I personally think the league minimum of $480,000 a year is much too large, and is pretty ridiculous to be complaining about. Just recently former Cardinals star, Albert Pujols, left his team due to the inability to pay the about of money he wanted to make. His new contract is a 10-year 240 million dollar contract that is way too much for any American to make in this sort span of time. In my opinion the MLB should set a top cap that any player in the league is allowed to make in a season and still have a league minimum, but much lower then it currently is. Another problem teams are having after giving their athletes large contracts is there are not performing like they once were, before there had their large contract. Next, there is a large problem with big name athletes getting very large contracts and not performing like they once did in their careers, before that made their multi-million dollar contracts. Athletes begin to get the thought in their head after they sign a large contract, that they are set for life and don’t have to perform like they once did because there have earned the money there have always wanted. Although not all athletes are like this, an example of someone who is not is, Derek Jeter. â€Å"I have never seen a more complete baseball player then Derek Jeter. † According to the New York Times, Jeter has done nothing but improved since signing his very large contract extension. He has continued to be the same player he was when he entered the league and has also became an even better player (par. 1. ) In his 18th year in the league, Jeter continues to play strong and break MLB records, showing he deserves the large contract he is paid. Players who continue to play hard like this through their career deserve to earn a large about of money, but not the excessive amount that he currently is. But this is not the case with all big league players saying large contracts. For example Albert Pujols has just signed the largest multi-year contract in the history of the league, but currently struggles hitting, and has not yet hit a single homerun. After signing this new large contract he has been very unproductive and is showing to be a waste of millions of dollars for his new team. This shows that not all major league players deserve to make these huge multi-million dollar contracts that are being paid. Finally, some teams have and unfair advantage on the amount of big name players they are allowed to sign year to year. If the Major League Baseball officials would decide on a salary cap for each team it would give everyone a more equal chance of signing big name players. I personally think each team should be able to spend the same amount of money each season, to give each team a more equal chance of winning. By doing this it would minimize he amount of big name players could sign year after year, and also give the current lower income teams the ability to sign more big name players. If the league would put a cap on the amount of money a player can make and the amount of money each team can spend, would make the league a much better all around league, giving each team an equal chance of winning a World Series. In Conclusion, Major League Baseball players are wa y over paid. None of these athletes have a clue what it’s like to live off the salary of an average working American. Athletes continue to complain about the amount of money they are making each year, not being enough to support their families, while lower and middle class families are living life just fine making 10 times less the amount of money. Athletes aren’t proving they deserve to make the amount of money they do either, by becoming way less productive after signing there multi-million dollar contracts. When the league puts a set salary cap on each player and each team the league will become a much better thing. It will also make working Americans very happy, knowing athletes aren’t making as much money as they once did. If everyone would have the same contracts, it would also make ticket prices go down making it more affordable for fans to go to games. By having the same contracts, players would all play harder and also make fans of the game happier and more supportive of the players and owners of the league. When the average American can begin to make larger salaries, will be the day athletes deserve to make the large contracts like they currently are. Works Cited â€Å"How Much Does the Average American Make? Breaking Down the U. S. Household Income Numbers. † My Budget 360. N. P. N. D. Web. 25 April 2012. â€Å"Jeter, a True Yankee. † New York Times. 03 Dec. 2006. Academic Search Premier. Web. 25 April 2012. â€Å"Market Correction needed for rookie MLB contracts? † Left Field: The Reuters Global Sports Blog. Richard Cato. 11 June 2009. Web. 25 April 2012. â€Å"MLB Minimum Salary to Increase to $480,000 with New CBA. † Los Angeles Dodgers Payroll. Eric Stephen. 20 Nov. 2011. Web. 25 April 2012.

Community Identification Overview Essay Essay Example

Community Identification Overview Essay Essay Example Community Identification Overview Essay Essay Community Identification Overview Essay Essay A barangay is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines. There are so many barangay in our state and each one has their ain singularity and individualism. center3402965 Our barangay. Brgy. 74 has besides a uniqueness and individualism. Our barangay promotes wellness and safety for the citizens. enhances the right of the people to a balanced ecology and equality. they are besides encouraging and back uping the persons. in short. our barangay is traveling as one or allow me state our barangay is UNITED but still we encounters some common jobs. Brgy. 74 is located at HEROES DEL 96. SAMSON ROAD CALOOCAN CITY. The landmark is the Bestfriend nutrient concatenation. From bestfriend nutrient concatenation it is 3 proceedingss walk to be in our barangay and it is 240 metres off. ECOLOGICAL FRAME WORK Physical status of barangay is really of import. because the physical status of one baranay reflects the citizens itself. The physical status is the attractive 1 in sight of the other people. Our barangay. barangay 74 is nice to see. even though it’s little but still its clean and good organized. The land country is non that big but it’s mulct and it’s plenty. Our barangay has besides boundaries. from Masagana Street to Calaanan Street. I know that it is non that big country you expected and our barangay will be bettering twelvemonth by twelvemonth. Barangay 74 provides service establishment like â€Å"Little Angel Day care center† . The intent of this Day care centre is to supply quality kid twenty-four hours care profiting the kid. the parent and the community. This plan is designed to run into the particular demands of baby and preschool kids. 291528549885603219454923155In our barangay you can see some vehicles that used for transit like jeepneys. trike . truck. and cab. Those vehicles are really utile for transit LIFE ACTIVITIES Each person has life activities. Life activity means acvities within an individual’s topographic point of abode. in out-of-door environments. In our barangay the caput of the household making his occupation for his household. Jobs that will accommodate them like building worker. drver. and office worker. Mother. Mom. or I can state ‘mama† . In barangay 74 some female parents besides making their occupation for her household ; those plants are manicure. pedicure. wellness attention. parlours. sale’s lady. and office ma The function of the young person is to analyze good. In our barangay. some of young persons are merely a â€Å"tambay† and the other is in school young person. and some is none school young person.The function of kids is giving an inspiration to their parents and travel to school and more of import of all give the felicity. Most of the kids in our barangay are playing the Pilipino games like tumbang preso. piko. patintero. and habulan. The function of the leaders is to steer their member and to to his occupation. In our barangay. our leader is making his best for his citizrns sake for him to be a good theoretical account in society. COMMON PROBLEM OF THE PEOPLE Each barangay has a common job by their people. staffs. and citizens. Common jobs like peace and order. wellness and sanitation. public-service corporations and installations. and moral jobs. rightbottom33369253732530Barangay 74 meets that sort of common job. in peace and order. because of those condemnable ( magnanakaw ) the peace and order is non maintain in our barangay. every bit good as the drunked people that will contend in any minute. because of them our barangay run into the peace and order job. Health sanitation is besides one of the common job meets by our barangay. the job are those kids that has no place to populate in and those kids that need more vitamins for their wellness. The public-service corporations is besides one of the common job that meets by our barangay. those work forces that will do the wall as their public-service corporation country are non assisting the society. so our barangay needs an betterment. lefttop E. GOODNESS OF LIFE The location of our barangay is at HEROS DEL 96. SAMSON ROAD CALOOCAN CITY. This location of our barangay is non that big so the maintaining of peace and order is continuously. Peace and order is the most of import facet of one barangay. so our barangay captain making his best to continuously keep the peace and order of our topographic point. Barangay 74 has available occupations for some citizens most of all the needy. The available occupations in our barangay are street sweepers that will assist to keep the cleanliness of our country. Tanod is besides one of the available occupation in our barangay. tanod will assist us to keep tha goodness. the peace and the order of our barangay. OTHER NEEDS OF THE PEOPLE Barangay 74 needed a fiscal support or barangay buget. Aside from being a fiscal program. the barangay budget serves as an instrument for barangay functionaries to efficaciously pull off the development of the barangay. A well-prepared barangay budget serves as footing for: Planning and policy acceptanceProgram and undertaking executionFinancial controlManagement information Budget is the other demand of people here in our barangay. Budget will besides assist for bettering our barangay. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS. CONCLUSIONS. AND RECOMMENDATION A barangay is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines. There are so many barangay in our state and each one has their ain singularity and individualism. Our barangay. Brgy. 74 has besides a uniqueness and individualism. Our barangay promotes wellness and safety for the citizens. enhances the right of the people to a balanced ecology and equality. they are besides encouraging and back uping the persons. in short. our barangay is traveling as one or allow me state our barangay is UNITED but still we encounters some common jobs. Our barangay. barangay 74 is nice to see. even though it’s little but still its clean and good organized. The land country is non that big but it’s mulct and it’s plenty. Our barangay has besides boundaries. from Masagana Street to Calaanan Street. I know that it is non that big country you expected and our barangay will be bettering twelvemonth by twelvemonth. Barangay 74 meets that sort of common job. in peace and order. because of those condemnable ( magnanakaw ) the peace and order is non maintain in our barangay. every bit good as the drunked people that will contend in any minute. because of them our barangay run into the peace and order job. Health sanitation is besides one of the common job meets by our barangay. the job are those kids that has no place to populate in and those kids that need more vitamins for their wellness. Budget is the other demand of people here in our barangay. Budget will besides assist for bettering our barangay. My recommendation for our barangay is to do more effectual determinations or do more effectual solution to non get the better of those job.

A Look At Issue Of Homosexuality Religion Essay

A Look At Issue Of Homosexuality Religion Essay The response of the church to the issue of homosexuality is problematic; it is so because homosexuality now has become so evident and conspicuous. It is shocking how people are coming out in the open as being homosexual and how it is being discussed openly and even receives sympathy from some quarters in the church. The obvious fact is that it can no longer be ignored. In this paper I will discuss how the church in Africa should respond to this problem. ANALYSIS OF CONTROVERSY Homosexuality is a legal offence in most African countries, although in recent years there are attempts to legalize it in some countries, but it is legal in most American states. This is why it is a controversy to the Anglican Communion which is world wide. The definition of homosexuality according to Woods Jr (1968, p.135) â€Å"the word homosexual can be used to refer to various subtle gradations of erotic attraction or involvement between members of the same sex.† The moralist would dismiss moral obj ections on homosexuality basing on natural law, which they say natural law assumes that the structure of male and female genitals determine their function sexually. The early church also criticized same sex practices, for example Gagnon (2001,p.163) puts it very well that † Jews, like Greek and Roman critics of Homosexuality, rejected it on the ground that it was against nature, that is apart from the fact that the law forbade same-sex intercourse.† He says there are four reasons why only intercourse between male and female was considered to be in accordance with nature. The first he says is that there is no procreation in Homosexual intercourse and the second reason is that it is an affront to how God designed the male and female organs. The third reason is that there is no natural erotic passion in Homosexual sex says Gagnon and the last he says is that not even animals practice Homosexual intercourse. But some scholars would argue that apart from reproduction purposes , sex serves a number of functions. According to Woods Jr. (1968) â€Å"the judgment that sex is only for reproduction is as limited to an agrarian, low-population economy as the judgment that pearl are valuable is to a consumer economy.† The Lambeth conference resolution number 1.10 of 1998 states that in view of the teaching of scripture, that marriage should be between a man and a woman in a life long union, it recognized that there were persons who experienced themselves as having a homosexual orientation. Some of these people are church members and therefore need pastoral care, moral direction and God’s transforming power. The resolution was to listen to the experience of the homosexual persons and ensure them that God loves them. Although they called for the ministry of the pastoral care to all irrespective of sexual orientation, the resolution did not advise the legitimizing or blessing of the same sex union nor ordaining those in same gender union. Some would a rgue that in the Bible it is not clear what they meant by homosexuality. For example Bishop David Russell in his leaf let (page 3) wrote that the Biblical writers never ever contemplated the kind of homosexual that we are contemplating today, the Partnerships we are seeking to have affirmed in our time. I do not agree with him and others who think in these lines because the Bible is very clear on homosexuality. In Leviticus 20 :13, it is very clear that a man who has sexual relations with another man, both should be put to death because they have done repulsive thing. The other text, which condemns homosexuality in the New Testament, is Romans 1:26-27 and 1 Corinthians 6:9-10. it is therefore very clear that homosexuality is condemned in the Bible. If the homosexual of the Bible (Leviticus 20:13) is same as the homosexual of today, then homosexuality is an ancient form of sexual perversion.